Photographs taken between 1909 and 1912. In those years, photographer Sergei Mikhailovich Prokudin-Gorskii (1863-1944) undertook a photographic survey of the Russian Empire
http://www.boston.com/bigpicture/2010/08/russia_in_color_a_century_ago.html
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dellaert/aligned/